Legal History of India
Law in India evolved from religious texts such as the Vedas and Upanishads, as well as Hindu philosophical schools. Indian legal history begins in Vedic ages and a civil law system may have started during the Indus Valley civilization.
Law during British rule
India inherited the common law system from British colonization. During that period, Privy Council as the highest court of appeal, contributed to the formation of different court systems. Under the first Law Commission the Indian Penal Code and the Code of Criminal Procedure were drafted, enacted and brought in to force. The Commission also drafted Evidence Act and Contracts Act.
Law after Independence
The Constituent Assembly of India, chaired by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, was formed to write the Constitution of India in 1946. The Constitution guides all executive, legislative and judicial matters in the country. The post-independence Indian legal system evolved as an essential ingredient of the world’s largest democracy, which moves towards a social justice paradigm to secure constitutional rights to every citizen.